15 Ekim 2014 Çarşamba

İngilizce Hikaye Kitapları Ve İngilizcemize Katkıları


İngilizce Hikaye Kitapları Ve İngilizcemize Katkıları


İngilizce'de Yer Edatları (Prepositions Of Place In, On, At)

   İngilizce'de Yer Edatları (Prepositions Of Place In, On, At)


Bu dersimizde İngilizce'de çok farklı yerlerde kullanılabilen In, On ve At yer edatlarnı nasıl ve hangi durumlarda kullanabileceğimizi öğreneceğiz. Faydalı bir ders olması dileğiyle iyi çalışmalar diliyorum.

İngilizce'de Zaman Edatları (Prepositions Of Time - In, On, At)

İngilizce Dersi - İngilizce'de Zaman Edatları (Prepositions Of Time - In, On, At)

Bu dersimizde İngilizce'de çok farklı yerlerde kullanılabilen In, On ve At edatlarını zaman ifadeleri ile nasıl ve hangi durumlarda kullanabileceğimizi öğreneceğiz. Faydalı bir ders olması dileğiyle iyi çalışmalar diliyorum.


Gerunds and Infinitives - Fiilimsiler

              
                      GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

When we use two verbs together,the form of the second verb usually depends on the first verb.If we use only verb we name it infinitive.If we use verb+ing we name it gerund.

GERUND
(VERB+ING)
AVOID-END UP-REGRET-KEEP-DON’T MIND-FINISH-MISS-ENJOY
INIFINITIVE WITH TO
(TO DO)
REFUSE-NEED-HOPE-PRETEND-MANAGE-SEEM-PLAN-FORGET-DECIDE
OBJECT+INFINITIVE
(SOMEONE)
           +DO
(SOMETHING)

MAKE -LET
OBJECT+INFINITIVE WITH TO
SB/STH TO DO
ALLOW-FORCE-ENCOURAGE-EXPECT-PERSUADE-ASK-TEACH-PAY-CONVINCE
BOTH GERUND AND INFINITIVE

BEGIN-PREFER-START-CONTINUE-LOVE-LIKE-HATE
BOTH OBJECT+INFINITIVE AND
OBJECT+INFINITIVE TO
HELP
IMPORTANT!
*BEGIN,START AND CONTINUE CAN FOLLOWED BY BOTH INFINITIVE AND GERUND BUT IF THEY ARE USED IN CONTINUOUS FORMS THEY ARE ALWAYS FOLLOWED BY THE INFINITIVE WITH TO.

She is starting to have a discussion with her husband.

**In British English “love,like,dislike,hate” are generally followed by gerund(ing)-àI love staying up late.
In American English we use infinitive:àI love to stay up late.


                EXAMPLES OF PART I (GERUND-VERB+ING)
         1)He avoided  looking at me while I was criticising him.
         2)I couldn’t imagine that I would do this but I ended up marrying to him.
         3)I regret being in  this situation.
         4)I I keep on thinking I've seen her before somewhere.
         5) She doesn’t mind having a dog in the house so long as it's clean.
         6)  Have you finished reading that magazine?
         7) I only just missed being run over by a bus this morning.
         8) I want to travel because I enjoy meeting people and seeing new places.
  EXAMPLES OF PART 2(INFINITIVE WITH TO)
1)On cold mornings the car always refuses to start.
1)      He needs to lose a bit of weight.
2)      They hope to visit us next year.
3)      Were you just pretending to be interested?
4)      I only just managed to finish on time.
5)      I seem to know more about him than anyone else.
6)      My plan is to hire a car when I arrive in America and travel about.
7)      Dad's always forgetting (to take) his pills.
8)      In the end, we decided to go to the theatre.
EXAMPLES OF PART 3(OBJECT+INFINITIVE)(SOMEONE/SOMETHING DO)
1)      What made you change your mind?
2)      He decided to let his hair grow long.
EXAMPLES OF PART 4(OBJECT+TO DO)(SOMEONE/SOMETHING TO DO)
1)      You're not allowed to talk during the exam
2)      I really have to force myself to be pleasant to him.
3)      We were encouraged to learn foreign languages at school.
4)      You expect her to make a lot of housework but she is busy.
5)      He is trying to persuade local and foreign businesses to invest in the project.
6)      You should ask your accountant to give you some financial advice.
7)      Who taught you to cook?
8)      I paid a lot of money to get the washing machine fixed and it still doesn't work!
9)      I hope this will convince you to change your mind.
         EXAMPLES OF PART 5(BOTH GERUND AND INFINITIVE)

1)Jane has just begun learning to drive.1)Jane has just begun to learn to drive.
2) I'd prefer to discuss this issue.           2)I’d prefer discussing this issue.
3) ] I'd just started to write a letter when the phone rang.
3) ] I'd just started writing  a letter when the phone rang.
    

  EXAMPLES OF PART 6(BOTH OBJECT+INFINITIVE AND OBJECT+INFINITIVE TO)
 The £10, 000 loan from the bank helped her (to) start her own business.


                                  VERBS WITH DIFFERENT MEANINGS

•REMEMBER+VERB+ING: remember something that you did before.
EXAMPLE: I don't remember lending you money.
  
   •REMEMBER+INFINITIVE WITH TO: to not forget to do something.
      EXAMPLE:  Did you remember to do the shopping?
  
•STOP+VERB+ING:Stop sth that you were doing.
         EXAMPLE:  Stop shouting - you're giving me a headache!
   
•STOP+INFINITIVE WITH TO:Stop doing one thing in order to sth else.
      EXAMPLE:  I stopped to pick up a letter that I'd dropped.
  
 •TRY+VERB+ING:Do sth in order to solve a problem.
        EXAMPLE: Perhaps you should try getting up (= You should get up) earlier.
     
      
•TRY+INFINITIVE WITH TO: Make an effort to do sth diffucult.
EXAMPLE: I tried to open the window


WHILE – WHEREAS

                                 WHILE – WHEREAS                             

“While and whereas are used to show two ideas which are directly opposite.”
Whilewhereas tam karşıt iki fikri göstermek/anlatmak için kullanılır.”

1.    While Fatma is a beautiful girl, her firend Belma is ugly.
2.    While Kadir is a hardworking student, the other students are lazy.
3.    While you are a fat man, your brother is very thin.
4.    While I like English very much, my friends hate.
5.    I am rich and handsome whereas you are poor and ugly.
6.    He is sixty years old whereas his girl friend is twenty-five.
7.    While he hasn’t got any Money, everybody says he is rich.
8.    Everybody studies hard whereas he doesn’t.
9.    Whereas I like fishing, my friends don’t.
10.     I have to work while they are free.
11.     The ant work hard whereas the cicida “ağustos böceği” plays the guitar.
12.     He carried all the boşes whereas his elder brother just sat and watched him.
13.     Everybody slept whereas the enemy was awake.
14.     The students were in the lesson whereas Mehmet wasn’t.
15.     He tries to memorise everything whereas she doesn’t care anything.
16.     While samed uses computers well, Berk isn’t good at using them.
17.     While my car goes fast, yours is very slow.
18.     I have got a lot of stamps whereas she has got few.
19.     Your handwriting is fantastic whereas mine is awful.

20.     While Sena is good at English, Türkan isn’t.

İngilizce - CINEMA & THEATRE


                                                  CINEMA & THEATRE

PREFERtercihlerimizden bahsederken kullanırız.

I prefer tea.                                                      “Çayı tercih ederim.”
I prefer drinkING tea.                                   “Çay içmeyi tercih ederim.”

I prefer basketball.                                       “Basketbolu tercih ederim.”
I prefer playING basketball.                      “Basketbol oynamayı tercih ederim.”

I prefer playING computer games.         “Bilgisayar oyunu oynamayı tercih ederim.”
I prefer goING to the cinema.                  “Sinemaya gitmeyi tercih ederim.”

I prefer TEA to COFFEE.                                               “Çayı kahveye tercih ederim.”
I prefer drinkING tea to drinking coffee. “Çay içmeyi kahve içmeye tercih ederim.

I prefer to live in the country.                  “Köyde yaşamayı tercih ederim.”
I prefer to play basketball.                        “Basketbol oynamayı tercih ederim.

I prefer to go out RATHER THAN stay at home.
“Evde kalmaktansa dışarıya çıkmayı tercih ederim.”
“Dışarıya çıkmayı evde kalmaya tercih ederim.”

I prefer to live in the country RATHER THAN (live) in the city.
“Şehirde yaşamaktansa köyde yaşamayı tercih ederim.”
“Köyde yaşamayı şehirde yaşamaya tercih ederim.”

I prefer to play basketball RATHER THAN do archery.
“Okçuluk yapmaktansa basket oynamayı tercih ederim.”
“Basket oynamayı okçuluk yapmaya tercih ederim.”

Cinema and theatre differ in some ways.  “Sinema ve tiyatro bazı yönleriyle birbirlerinden ayrılırlar.”
Ali and Veli differ in some ways.                            “Ali ve Veli bazı yönleriyle birbirlerinden ayrılırlar.”

While = whereas

While Ali is kind, Veli is rude. “Ali kibar olmasına rağmen, Veli kabadır.”
Ali is kind, while Ekin is rude. “Ali kibardır, ancak Ekin kabadır.”

While Osman is hardworking, Berk is lazy. “Osman çalışkan olmasına rağmen, Berk tembeldir.”
Osman is hardworking, while Berk is lazy. “Osman çalışkandır, ancak Berk tembeldir.”

Hasan drinks a lot of coffee, WHEREAS Vahit never drinks.
“Hasan çok kahve içer, Vahit İSE asla içmez.”

WHEREAS Hasan drinks a lot of coffee, Vahit never drinks.
“Hasan çok kahve içmesine rağmen, Vahit asla içmez.”


A new form:                                                                     Yeni bir şekil
A newER form:                                                                               Daha yeni bir şekil

An old man:                                                                     yaşlı bir adam
An oldER man:                                                                daha yaşlı bir adam

A new car:                                                                         yeni bir araba
A newER car:                                                                    daha yeni bir araba

People: insanlar

People WHO give their opinions:                           fikirlerini belirten insanlar
People WHO live in Kastamonu:                             Kastamonu’da yaşayan insanlar
People WHO support ÇAYKUR Rize Spor:            Çaykur Rize Spor’u destekleyen insanlar

ALTHOUH + CÜMLE
Although = rağmen

Cinema is popular. “Sinema popülerdir.”
Cinema is MORE popular. “Sinema DAHA popülerdir.”
ALTHOUGH cinema is more popular,… “Sinema daha popüler olmasına RAĞMEN,…”

Theatre is social.                                            “Tiyatro sosyaldir.”

Theatre is MORE social.                                              “Tiyatro daha sosyaldir.”

It is nice TO see you.                                    “Sizi görmek güzel.”
It is nice TO have a computer.                  “Bir bilgisayara sahip olmak güzeldir.”

It is difficult TO answer the questions.                “Soruları cevaplamak zordur.”

People WHO wear smart clothes            “Şık elbise giyen insanlar”
People wearing smart clothes                 “Şık elbise giyen insanlar”

Students WHO work hard                           “Çok çalışan öğrenciler”
Students working hard                                “Çok çalışan öğrenciler”

The man WHO sleepS                                  “Uyuyan adam”
The man sleeping                                          “Uyuyan adam”

While I am waiting:                                       “Beklerken..”
While waiting                                                  “Beklerken..”

While driving                                                   “Araba kullanırken”
While listening to music                                            “Müzik dinlerken”

People talk loudly.                                        “İnsanlar yüksek sesle konuşurlar.”
WHEN people talk loudly,                          “İnsanlar yüksek sesle konuştukları ZAMAN,…”

People eat their popcorn.                          “İnsanlar patlamış mısır(larını) yer.”
When people eat their popcorn,                            “İnsanlar patlamış mısır yedikleri zaman, …”

People drink Coke.                                       “İnsanlar kola içerler.”
WHEN people drink Coke,                         “İnsanlar kola içtikleri zaman, …”

People in the theatre                                  “Tiyatrodaki insanlar”
Students in the class                                    “Sınıftaki öğrenciler”
Books on the table                                        “Masanın üstündeki kitaplar”

Respectful (adj.)                                            “saygılı”
A respectful person                                      “saygılı bir kişi”
MORE respectful                                            “DAHA saygılı”

People are MORE respectful                     “İnsanlar daha saygılıdır.”

People in the theatre are more respectful.
“Tiyatrodaki insanlar daha saygılıdır.”

I don’t know.                                                   “Bilmiyorum.”
I don’t know French.                                    “Fransızca bilmiyorum.”
I don’t know WHY.                                         “NİÇİN olduğunu bilmiyorum.”

ALTHOUGH cinema is more popular,…                 “Sinema daha popüler olmasına RAĞMEN,…”
    Though     cinema is more popular, …                “Sinema daha popüler olmasına RAĞMEN, …”

Lively (adj.): canlı, neşeli, hayat dolu
Cinema is lively.                                             “Sinema eğlencelidir.”
Cinema is livelIER.                                         “Sinema DAHA eğlencelidir.”

Cinema is active.                                            “Sinema aktiftir.”
Cinema is MORE active.                              “Sinema DAHA aktiftir.”

Cinema is colourful.                                     “Sinema renklidir.”
Cinema is MORE colourful.                        “Sinema DAHA renklidir.”

Act(v):                                                                 rol yapmak
Actor (n):                                                           aktör, oyuncu,  rol yapan kişi (erkek)
Actrist (n):                                                         aktör, oyuncu, rol yapan kişi (bayan)

Location (n):                                                     yer,mekan, mahal
On the stage:                                                   sahnede

Concerned: ilgili
As far as I am concerned,            : BANA KALIRSA
As far as I know                                               : Bildiğim kadarıyla

Considerably:                                  epeyce, oldukça

Cinema is enjoyable.                    “Sinema zevklidir.”
Cinema is MORE enjoyable.      “Sinema daha zevklidir.”




Theatre tickets are expensive. “Tiyatro biletleri pahalıdır.”
Theatre tickets are MORE expensive. “Tiyatro biletleri DAHA pahalıdır.”

Theatre tickets are more expensive THAN cinema tickets.
“Tiyatro biletleri sinema biletlerinDEN daha pahalıdır.”

Theatre tickets are AS expensive AS cinema tickets.
“Tiyatro biletleri sinema biletleri KADAR pahalıdır.”

Theatre tickets are TWICE as expensive as cinema tickets.
“Tiyatro biletleri sinema biletlerinin İKİ KATI KADAR pahalıdır.”

Book (v):                                                            yer ayırtmak
You don’t need to book.                             “Yer ayırtmak zorunda değilsin. Yer ayırtmana gerek yok. “

In advance:                                                       önceden
Beforehand:                                                     önceden

You don’t need to book in advance.      “Önceden yer ayırtmak zorunda değilsin.”

We don’t need to learn French.                              “Fransızca öğrenmek zorunda değiliz.”

Relaxed(adj.):                                                 rahat, gevşemiş

You feel relaxed.                                           “Kendini rahatlamış hissedersin.”
You feel MORE relaxed.                                              “Kendini DAHA rahatlamış hissedersin.”

You don’t have to catch:                             “Yakalamak zorunda değilsin…”
You don’t need to catch:                             “Yakalamana gerek yok…., yakalamaya ihtiyaç duymazsın”

Every word: her kelime
Every word of the actors:                           oyuncuların her kelimesini

Cinema is MORE comfortable.                 “Cinema DAHA rahattır.”

I prefer cinema.                                              “Sinemayı tercih ederim.”

Like many other people:                            Bir çok kişi gibi

INSTEAD OF: -nın yerine

Instead of cinema:                                        “Sinemanın yerine”
Instead of typwriters:                                  “Daktiloların yerine”

Instead of goING to the cinema:             “Sinemaya gitmenin yerine, sinemaya gitmektense”
Instead of walkING,                                      “Yürümenin yerine, yürümektense”
Instead of playING football,                     “Futbol oynamanın yerine, futbol oynamaktansa”

I prefer theatre.                                                             “Tiyatroyu tercih ederim.”

Live performanceS:                                       “canlı gösteriler”
Live x recorded                                                               canlı (naklen) x banttan
CAST (n)                                                             : (tiyatro , sinema , televizyon) rol alan oyuncular

Live performances of the cast                  : “Oyuncuların canlı gösterileri”

Poetic words                                                    : şiirsel kelimeler
Applaud                                                             : alkışlamak
Success                                                                              : başarı
Success of the performance                      : gösterinin başarısı

As an audience:                                              dinleyiciler, hazır bulunanlar

As though – as if                                   : -miş gibi

You feel AS THOUGH you are part of the event.
“Kendinizi olayın parçasıymış gibi hissedersiniz.”
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